EXTERIOR FEATURES OF THE HOLSTEIN BREED OF COWS IN THE NORTHERN TRANS-URALSстатья из журнала
Аннотация: Exterior evaluation of cows is of great importance for the improvement of livestock breeds. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the exterior of Holstein cows in the conditions of the Northern TransUrals. The studies were conducted on one of the typical herds. The object of the study were Holstein cows of different ages (from the first to the third lactation), measurements of the parameters of the physique of animals were made using measuring instruments, the indices of the physique were calculated. The exterior was evaluated according to a linear system (A and B), a total of 234 cows were evaluated. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the comprehensive assessment of Holstein cattle, well adapted to the conditions of the region. The animals were characterized by the standard height for the Holstein breed, had a fairly wide chest and a general build. Cows for the first lactation have a fairly high growth (+1.96 points to the optimal indicator of 5.0), an insignificant decrease in the strength of the physique (–0.03 points), perfectly expressed milk forms (+1.23 points), a well-developed and slightly drooping pelvis, but within the permissible value of the indicator (pelvic width 4.81 points), hind limbs correctly delivered. The attachment of the udder lobes is +1.0 points, with well-developed anterior lobes (+1.1 points), the posterior lobes are quite high (+0.26 points). The location of the front nipples is (+0.51 points from optimal), which characterizes a fairly close location, but it should be noted that these signs are generally characteristic of Holstein cattle, with optimal nipple length. The analyzed animal population as a whole has good exterior features. In the future, when working with this herd, it is necessary to develop optimal criteria for the selection of cows of the first lactation and the parameters of these signs, and also be sure to pay attention to the exterior signs when selecting bulls and the transmitting ability to daughters of the body type. This will allow us to form a homogeneous herd in the future, with good technological characteristics.
Год издания: 2023
Источник: VESTNIK OF THE BASHKIR STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY
Ключевые слова: Animal Nutrition and Health, Food Industry and Aquatic Biology, Regional Economic Development and Innovation
Открытый доступ: gold
Том: 68
Выпуск: 4
Страницы: 131–136