Аннотация:Abstract Contact with remote cultures in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries stimulated major changes in the art practices of India and Western countries such as Germany. In this chapter, Sandra Jasmin Schlage analyses the knowledge production emanating from these developments with a special emphasis on applying terms and concepts like ‘revival’, or the emergence of ‘modernism’. The most exalted discourse from India is the so-called ‘revival’ of the classical dance traditions exemplified by Bharatanāṭyam from Southeast India. This chapter provides a critical analysis of this process through a comparison with the emergence of the so-called modern dance in Western countries, on the one hand, and the contemporary rise of modern visual arts in India, on the other hand. Some striking similarities have led the author to question the labelling of these developments and to suggest that the ‘revival’ of classical Indian dance traditions contains some ‘modernism’ in disguise.