Percepção de risco no processo de regulação da nanotecnologia no Congresso Nacionaldissertation
Аннотация: Nanotechnology can be understood as the manipulation of materials at the atomic and molecular level for the purpose of application in useful processes and products.Due to their distinct properties on the nanoscale, nanomaterials allow for a number of innovative technological applications, although they can also pose risks to human health and the environment.A large amount of nanomaterials has been created, as well as products produced by various industries and already commercialized on the market.This has exposed human beings through the dermal route, ingestion or inhalation, in addition to allowing their presence in the air, soil and water.The possible risks, in turn, are the main drivers of the debate on the regulation of nanotechnology in the world.Given the lack of specific legislation, nanotechnology products are registered in regulatory agencies on a case-by-case basis.In Brazil, five bills for the regulation of nanotechnology were presented, between 2005 and 2019, in its National Congress.In addition to the participation of deputies and senators of the Thematic Commissions in the processing of these bills, researchers from different areas of knowledge and members of the Federal Government also participated.Moreover, researchers more aligned with an alternative regulation proposal in international compliance, with the participation of the Federal Government in the NanoReg (2014-2017), a European Union project.Thus, the objective of the study is to identify whether the actors risk perceptions involved in the processing of the bills about the regulation of nanotechnology were reflected in decision-making in the National Congress of Brazil.To achieve this purpose, from a bibliographic review, the discussion of risk and perception of risk, in general, and nanotechnologies, in specific, was briefly contextualized, as well as its scenario with regard to the regulation process in Brazil.Through documentary research, the processing of the bills about nanotechnology presented at the Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate was described, a process which also includes two public hearings (2012 and 2015) about the topic, in order to identify the actors involved, the risk perceptions and the result of the decision-making.Then, finally, to analyse the relationship between the perceptions of risk and the decision-making of these actors.The following trend was demonstrated: in general, actors with high level of risk perception are favourable to regulation, while actors with low risk perception are contrary.Mainly, those specialists participating in public hearings.
Год издания: 2020
Авторы: Priscila Martins Baia
Ключевые слова: Risk Perception and Management
Открытый доступ: bronze