Аннотация:Teachers' moral ability refers to teachers' moral autonomy and moral responsibility embedded in their moral actions.Teachers' moral ability is an important dimension for Rousseau to pay attention to teachers' ability.In Rousseau's view, teachers' moral ability is the unity of teachers' contractual action, emotional responsibility, and conceptual practice.It can conclude a contract with children and promise to learn and nurture their body and mind, to care for children and consolidate their social responsibility, and to observe children and participate in the study of children.Rousseau's insight into teachers' moral ability inspires people that reconstruct teachers' moral education needs to consolidate teachers' concept of contract based on justice and establish teachers' consciousness of moral autonomy; cultivate teachers' fraternity quality based on caring and enhance teachers' sense of moral responsibility; promote teachers' action spirit based on research and improve teachers' ability of moral practice.