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Association betweenrelative age atschool andpersistence of ADHDin prospectivestudies: anindividualparticipant datameta-analysis Corentin J. GoslingSerge CaparosCharlotte Pinabiaux2023 год

Association between relative age at school and persistence of ADHD in prospective studies: an individual participant data meta-analysis
review

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Аннотация:

Summary

Background

The youngest children in a school class are more likely than the oldest to be diagnosed with ADHD, but this relative age effect is less frequent in older than in younger school-grade children. However, no study has explored the association between relative age and the persistence of ADHD diagnosis at older ages. We aimed to quantify the association between relative age and persistence of ADHD at older ages.

Methods

For this meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PubPsych up to April 1, 2022, with terms related to "cohort" and "ADHD" with no date, publication type, or language restrictions. We gathered individual participant data from prospective cohorts that included at least ten children identified with ADHD before age 10 years. ADHD was defined by either a clinical diagnosis or symptoms exceeding clinical cutoffs. Relative age was recorded as the month of birth in relation to the school-entry cutoff date. Study authors were invited to share raw data or to apply a script to analyse data locally and generate anonymised results. Our outcome was ADHD status at a diagnostic reassessment, conducted at least 4 years after the initial assessment and after age 10 years. No information on sex, gender, or ethnicity was collected. We did a two-stage random-effects individual participant data meta-analysis to assess the association of relative age with persistence of ADHD at follow-up. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020212650.

Findings

Of 33 119 studies generated by our search, we identified 130 eligible unique studies and were able to gather individual participant data from 57 prospective studies following up 6504 children with ADHD. After exclusion of 16 studies in regions with a flexible school entry system that did not allow confident linkage of birthdate to relative age, the primary analysis included 41 studies in 15 countries following up 4708 children for a period of 4 to 33 years. We found that younger relative age was not statistically significantly associated with ADHD persistence at follow-up (odds ratio 1·02, 95% CI 0·99–1·06; p=0·19). We observed statistically significant heterogeneity in our model (Q=75·82, p=0·0011, I2=45%). Participant-level sensitivity analyses showed similar results in cohorts with a robust relative age effect at baseline and when restricting to cohorts involving children with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD or with a follow-up duration of more than 10 years.

Interpretation

The diagnosis of ADHD in younger children in a class is no more likely to be disconfirmed over time than that of older children in the class. One interpretation is that the relative age effect decreases the likelihood of children of older relative age receiving a diagnosis of ADHD, and another is that assigning a diagnostic label of ADHD leads to unexplored carryover effects of the initial diagnosis that persist over time. Future studies should be conducted to explore these interpretations further.

Funding

None.
Год издания: 2023
Авторы: Corentin J. Gosling, Serge Caparos, Charlotte Pinabiaux, Guido Schwarzer, Gerta Rücker, Sharifah Shameem Agha, Hekmat Alrouh, Antony Ambler, Peter J. Anderson, Ainara Andiarena, L. Eugene Arnold, Louise Arseneault, Philip Asherson, Leslie M. Babinski, Vittoria Barbati, Russel Barkley, Aluísio J. D. Barros, Fernando C. Barros, John E. Bates, Laura Bell, Carmen Berenguer, Elsje van Bergen, Joseph Biederman, Boris Birmaher, Tormod B⊘e, Dorret I. Boomsma, Valerie Brandt, Rodrigo A. Bressan, Karin C. Brocki, Thomas Broughton, Sara J. Bufferd, Regina Bussing, Meng Cao, Ariane Cartigny, Ana Miranda, Avshalom Caspi, F. Xavier Castellanos, Arthur Caye, Luise Cederkvist, Stephan Collishaw, William Copeland, Sylvana M. Côté, William L. Coventry, Nanette Mol Debes, Hayley Denyer, Kenneth A. Dodge, Hicran Doğru, Daryl Efron, Jami Eller, Marwa Abd Elmaksoud, Eyüp Sabri Ercan, Stephen V. Faraone, Michelle C. Fenesy, Mariana F. Fernández, Ana Fernández‐Somoano, Robert L. Findling, Éric Fombonne, Ingrid Nesdal Fossum, Carmen Freire, Naomi P. Friedman, Mary A. Fristad, Cédric Galéra, Miguel Garcia‐Argibay, Cynthia S. Garvan, Llúcia González, Annabeth P. Groenman, Mònica Guxens, Jeffrey M. Halperin, Randah R Hamadeh, Catharina A. Hartman, Shirley Y. Hill, Stephen P. Hinshaw, Alison E. Hipwell, Laura Hokkanen, Nathalie Holz, Carmen Íñiguez, Haitham Jahrami, Pauline W. Jansen, Lilja K. Jónsdóttir, Jordi Júlvez, Anna Kaiser, Kate Keenan, Daniel N. Klein, Rachel G. Klein, Jonna Kuntsi, Joshua A. Langfus, K. Langley, Jennifer E. Lansford, Sally A. Larsen, Henrik Larsson, Evelyn Law, Steve S. Lee, Nerea Lertxundi, Xiaobo Li, Yueling Li, Paul Lichtenstein, Jianghong Liu, Astri J. Lundervold, Sebastian Lundström, David J. Marks, Joanna Martin, Gabriele Masi, Alícia Matijasevich, Maria Melchior, Terrie E. Moffitt, Maximilian Monninger, Claire L. Morrison, Melissa Mulraney, Pietro Muratori, Phuc T. Nguyen, Jan M. Nicholson, Merete Glenne Øie, Sarah O’Neill, Cliódhna O’Connor, Massimiliano Orri, Pedro Mário Pan, Leona Pascoe, Gregory S. Pettit, Jolie Price, Marisa Rebagliato, Isolina Riaño Galán, Luís Augusto Rohde, Glenn I. Roisman, Maria João Rosa, Jerrold F. Rosenbaum, Giovanni Abrahão Salum, Sara Sammallahti, Iná S. Santos, Nella Schiavone, Lorrie Schmid, Emma Sciberras, Philip Shaw, Timothy J. Silk, Jeffry A. Simpson, Erik Winther Skogli, Stephanie D. Stepp, Katrine Strandberg‐Larsen, Gustavo Sudre, Jordi Sunyer, Mini Tandon, Anita Thapar, Phoebe Thomson, Lisa B. Thorell, Hannah Tinchant, Maties Torrent, Luciana Tovo‐Rodrigues, Gail Tripp, Obioha C. Ukoumunne, Stephanie HM Van Goozen, Melissa Vos, Solène Wallez, Yufeng Wang, Franz Westermaier, Diana J. Whalen, Yuliya Yoncheva, Eric A. Youngstrom, Kapil Sayal, Marco Solmi, Richard Delorme, Samuele Cortese
Издательство: Elsevier BV
Источник: The Lancet Psychiatry
Ключевые слова: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging, Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
Другие ссылки: The Lancet Psychiatry (PDF)
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hal.parisnanterre.fr (HTML)
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Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (PDF)
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