Аннотация:In 1670, the Mazovian village of Góra (now Góra Kalwaria) was renamed to New Jerusalem dueto the foundation made by the Poznań bishop Stefan Wierzbowski (1620–1687). There was a planto shape it in imitation of Jerusalem in the Holy Land which was under the rule of the OttomanEmpire at that time. In this way, the holy city was closer presented to believers living in the centreof Europe and a new purpose of religious pilgrimages was created, which contributed to thegrowth of devotion of the Republic’s society. The Piarists order was one of the orders located inGóra. The official act of the foundation was signed – as the printed source Vinea Christi states – on13 November 1675.However, knowledge about the beginnings of the order – its assets, fathers and brothers, theoldest buildings or schools – has been very scanty until now. This lack resulted from the fact thatthe unit was abolished relatively early – already at the beginning of the nineteenth century – andonly remnants of the source documents concerning it have survived in Polish collections. On theother hand, documentation collected in the General Archive of Religious Schools (Archivio Generaledelle Scuole Pie) in Rome was used for the first time in order to prepare the article. Thissource is rich with information especially on the last quarter of the seventeenth century.
