Аннотация:Based on the ideas of the Enlightenment, the Saint Petersburg Imperial Founding Hospital became one of the centers of Russian pedagogy. The founding principles of the new education system were developed by I. I. Betskoy and Catherine II. They were later enhanced when, in 1797, the Saint Petersburg Imperial Founding Hospital gained its independence and came under the supervision of Empress Maria Feodorovna. The Founding Hospital was one of the centers for the development of women’s education in Russia. Physiology was central to the Imperial Founding Hospital no only as a subject in its curriculum which included a course in the basics of medicine. Physiology was at the very heart of pedagogical efforts of the Founding Hospital staff. The teachers actively used the principles of age physiology, took into account psychophysiological features of students and laid the foundations of hygienic education. The methodology of teaching physiology developed through training midwives at the Midwife Institute where classes in physiology were introduced back in 1784. Another venue for the development of physiology as a subject was the preparation of students for the admission to the Medical and Surgical Academy in the so-called Latin classes. Graduates and teachers of Saint Petersburg Imperial Founding Hospital made a huge contribution to the development of age physiology and pediatrics in Russia back at the beginning of the 19th century.
