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Sexual transmissionof arboviruses: Moreto explore? Jaime A. Cardona‐OspinaLucia Elena Alvarado-ArnezJuan Pablo Escalera-Antezana2018 год

Sexual transmission of arboviruses: More to explore?
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Аннотация: Very recently the WHO Zika Sexual Transmission Research Group framework (Kim et al., 2018Kim C.R. Counotte M. Bernstein K. Deal C. Mayaud P. Low N. et al.Investigating the sexual transmission of Zika virus.Lancet Global Health. 2018; 6: e24-e25Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (23) Google Scholar), as well as other authors (Kumar, 2018Kumar S. Sexual transmission of Zika virus: more to explore.Lancet Global Health. 2018; 6: e618Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar), have had discussions regarding the pending issues for establishing pathways and transmission rates of this virus by sexual contact. It has been hypothesized, right after the beginning of the outbreak in Latin America and the Caribbean, that this would be of importance and may play an even more important role in maintaining endemic rates during interepidemic periods, especially when taking into account the long persistence of the Zika virus (ZIKV) in semen. And that more research regarding the biological, immunological, epidemiological and public health implications of it is required. We would like to emphasize results about the possibility that sexual transmission could be of relevance for other arboviruses. After the large epidemics of Zika from 2014 to 2016, interest on its sexual transmission has been observed from multiple related studies, formulating the question of the possible detection of other arboviruses in sexual fluids and their transmission in that way. In 2016, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) RNA was detected in Brazil from semen through RT-PCR, 30 days after exposure (Bandeira et al., 2016Bandeira A.C. Campos G.S. Rocha V.F. Souza B.S. Soares M.B. Oliveira A.A. et al.Prolonged shedding of Chikungunya virus in semen and urine: a new perspective for diagnosis and implications for transmission.IDCases. 2016; 6: 100-103Crossref PubMed Scopus (38) Google Scholar). In 2018, dengue virus (DENV) RNA was detected in semen at 37 days of follow-up in a patient returning from Thailand (Lalle et al., 2018Lalle E. Colavita F. Iannetta M. Gebremeskel Tekle S. Carletti F. Scorzolini L. et al.Prolonged detection of dengue virus RNA in the semen of a man returning from Thailand to Italy, January 2018.Euro Surveill. 2018; : 23https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.18.18-00197Crossref Scopus (20) Google Scholar), and yellow fever virus (YFV) RNA was isolated from the semen of a convalescent patient from Brazil (Barbosa et al., 2018Barbosa C.M. Di Paola N. Cunha M.P. Rodrigues-Jesus M.J. Araujo D.B. Silveira V.B. et al.Yellow fever virus RNA in urine and semen of convalescent patient, Brazil.Emerg Infect Dis. 2018; 24https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2401.171310Crossref PubMed Scopus (38) Google Scholar). DENV was not isolated in cell culture and unfortunately CHIKV and YFV culture from semen samples was not performed. Although it was not proven that such fluids were infectious, this raised concern about the possibility of the potential sexual transmission of CHIKV, DENV, and YFV, and highlights the importance of broadening the WHO Zika Sexual Transmission Research Group framework for assessment of this risk not just for ZIKV but for other arboviruses. As the expert group stated, basic science, mathematical modelling and animal and epidemiological studies have a complementary role in the understanding of these questions, and the adaptation of the framework could serve for anticipating the sexual transmission of other pathogens (Kim et al., 2018Kim C.R. Counotte M. Bernstein K. Deal C. Mayaud P. Low N. et al.Investigating the sexual transmission of Zika virus.Lancet Global Health. 2018; 6: e24-e25Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (23) Google Scholar). In addition, possible sexual transmission for laboratory confirmed Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) as well as West Nile Virus (WNV) (Kelley et al., 2016Kelley R.E. Berger J.R. Kelley B.P. West Nile virus meningo-encephalitis: possible sexual transmission.J La State Med Soc. 2016; 168: 21-22PubMed Google Scholar, Pshenichnaya et al., 2016Pshenichnaya N.Y. Sydenko I.S. Klinovaya E.P. Romanova E.B. Zhuravlev A.S. Possible sexual transmission of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever.Int J Infect Dis. 2016; 45: 109-111Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (36) Google Scholar) cases have also been reported. Finally, this brings into question how generalizable these findings are to other arboviruses, and should make us aware that latent threats, like other emerging arboviruses (i.e. Mayaro, Oropouche, Sindbis, Usutu, Spondweni), could present with previously unreported ways of transmission, and that clinicians as well as scientists should be prepared for its detection and reporting, since this would have significant implications for global health. Authors declare no conflict of interest. The study received no external funding. UNIFRANZ covered the publishing costs of this article.
Год издания: 2018
Авторы: Jaime A. Cardona‐Ospina, Lucia Elena Alvarado-Arnez, Juan Pablo Escalera-Antezana, Antônio Carlos Bandeira, Didier Musso, Alfonso J. Rodríguez‐Morales
Издательство: Elsevier BV
Источник: International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Ключевые слова: Mosquito-borne diseases and control, Viral Infections and Vectors, Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
Другие ссылки: International Journal of Infectious Diseases (PDF)
International Journal of Infectious Diseases (HTML)
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) (HTML)
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) (HTML)
PubMed (HTML)