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La pluralité desvisions du temps chezles Mayas William F. Hanks2017 год

La pluralité des visions du temps chez les Mayas
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Аннотация: This paper presents an overview of time reckoning in several domains of Maya language and culture, as observed in the Sierra region of Yucatan in the last decades of the twentieth century. It demonstrates that multiple systems of temporal reckoning and orientation co-operate in the traditional domains of daily practice, and it attempts to formulate principles by which different systems are combined in actional frameworks It is argued that most cyclicity in contemporary Yucatec Maya is derivative of natural or social processes and that in rituals it results from the translation of spatial arrays into temporal sequences. The paper tracks the varieties of cyclic and spiral time measurement in several domains, where different units and levels of temporal measurement and different rhythms are observed: 1) the field of co-presence in which utterances are performed, including deictic time; 2) the diurnal cycle and its actional correlates; 3) the agricultural cycles, the forest life cycle and the labor they imply; 4) domestic space whose time involves in addition the age and generational relations among co-residents; 5) ritual time in Yucatec shamanic practice, which is given special attention. Ritual practices display the most dramatic cyclicity, compounded by sedimentation, deictic time, historical time and cosmological space. Their chronometric dimensions are so elaborate that rituals can be considered a time machine. Viewed from practice, there is no single modality of Maya time, but a diachronic synchronization of multiple temporal streams which produces time as the variable product of tzol reproduction and meyah 'work.'
Год издания: 2017
Авторы: William F. Hanks
Издательство: Society of Americanists
Источник: Journal de la Société des Américanistes
Ключевые слова: Latin American history and culture, Medieval European Literature and History, Indigenous Cultures and Socio-Education
Другие ссылки: Journal de la Société des Américanistes (PDF)
Journal de la Société des Américanistes (HTML)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (HTML)