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Pollution indices asuseful tools for thecomprehensiveevaluation of thedegree of soilcontamination–Areview Joanna Beata KowalskaRyszard MazurekMichał Gąsiorek2018 год

Pollution indices as useful tools for the comprehensive evaluation of the degree of soil contamination–A review

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Аннотация: The paper provides a complex, critical assessment of heavy metal soil pollution using different indices. Pollution indices are widely considered a useful tool for the comprehensive evaluation of the degree of contamination. Moreover, they can have a great importance in the assessment of soil quality and the prediction of future ecosystem sustainability, especially in the case of farmlands. Eighteen indices previously described by several authors (Igeo, PI, EF, Cf, PIsum, PINemerow, PLI, PIave, PIVector, PIN, MEC, CSI, MERMQ, Cdeg, RI, mCd and ExF) as well as the newly published Biogeochemical Index (BGI) were compared. The content, as determined by other authors, of the most widely investigated heavy metals (Cd, Pb and Zn) in farmland, forest and urban soils was used as a database for the calculation of all of the presented indices, and this shows, based on statistical methods, the similarities and differences between them. The indices were initially divided into two groups: individual and complex. In order to achieve a more precise classification, our study attempted to further split indices based on their purpose and method of calculation. The strengths and weaknesses of each index were assessed; in addition, a comprehensive method for pollution index choice is presented, in order to best interpret pollution in different soils (farmland, forest and urban). This critical review also contains an evaluation of various geochemical backgrounds (GBs) used in heavy metal soil pollution assessments. The authors propose a comprehensive method in order to assess soil quality, based on the application of local and reference GB.
Год издания: 2018
Авторы: Joanna Beata Kowalska, Ryszard Mazurek, Michał Gąsiorek, Tomasz Zaleski
Издательство: Springer Science+Business Media
Источник: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
Ключевые слова: Heavy metals in environment, Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping, Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
Другие ссылки: Environmental Geochemistry and Health (PDF)
Environmental Geochemistry and Health (HTML)
PubMed Central (HTML)
PubMed (HTML)