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Living in theintertidal:desiccation andshading reduceseagrass growth, buthigh salinity orpopulation of originhave no additionaleffect Wouter SuykerbuykLaura L. GoversW. G. van Oven2018 год

Living in the intertidal: desiccation and shading reduce seagrass growth, but high salinity or population of origin have no additional effect
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Аннотация: The limiting effects of stressors like desiccation, light and salinity on seagrass growth and distribution are well-studied. However, little is known about their interactive effects, and whether such effects might differ among populations that are adapted to different local conditions. In two laboratory experiments we tested (a) if growth and development of intertidal, temperate Zostera noltii is affected by emergence time (experiment 1 and 2), and (b) how this is affected by an additional, second stressor, namely shading (experiment 1) or high salinity (25, 30 and 35, experiment 2). In addition, we tested (c) whether the effects of emergence time and salinity varied between three different European seagrass populations (Saint-Jacut/France, Oosterschelde/The Netherlands, and Sylt/Germany), which are likely adapted to different salinity levels (experiment 2). In both experiments, emergence of 8 h per tidal cycle (of 12 h) had a negative effect on seagrass relative growth rate (RGR), and aboveground biomass. Emergence furthermore reduced either rhizome length (experiment 1) or belowground biomass (experiment 2). Shading (experiment 1) resulted in lower RGR and a two-fold higher aboveground/belowground ratio. We found no interactive effects of emergence and shading stress. Salinity (experiment 2) did not affect seagrass growth or morphology of any of the three populations. The three tested populations differed greatly in morphology but showed no differential response to emergence or salinity level (experiment 2). Our results indicate that emergence time and shading show an additive negative effect (no synergistic or antagonistic effect), making the plants still vulnerable to such combination, a combination that may occur as a consequence of self-shading during emergence or resulting from algal cover. Emergence time likely determines the upper limit of Z. noltii and such shading will likely lower the upper limit. Shading resulted in higher aboveground/belowground ratios as is a general response in seagrass. Z. noltii of different populations originating from salinity 30 and 35 seem tolerant to variations in salinity within the tested range. Our results indicate that the three tested populations show morphotypic rather than ecotypic variation, at least regarding the salinity and emergence, as there were no interactive effects with origin. For restoration, this implies that the salinity regime of the donor and receptor site of Z. noltii is of no concern within the salinity range 25-35.
Год издания: 2018
Авторы: Wouter Suykerbuyk, Laura L. Govers, W. G. van Oven, Kris Giesen, Wim Giesen, Dick J. de Jong, Tjeerd J. Bouma, Marieke M. van Katwijk
Издательство: PeerJ, Inc.
Источник: PeerJ
Ключевые слова: Marine and coastal plant biology, Marine Biology and Ecology Research, Cephalopods and Marine Biology
Другие ссылки: PeerJ (PDF)
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DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (HTML)
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Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (HTML)
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University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (HTML)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (PDF)
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University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (PDF)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (HTML)
PubMed (HTML)