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Comparative genomeanalysis ofprogrammed DNAelimination innematodes Jianbin WangShenghan GaoYulia Mostovoy2017 год

Comparative genome analysis of programmed DNA elimination in nematodes
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Аннотация: Programmed DNA elimination is a developmentally regulated process leading to the reproducible loss of specific genomic sequences. DNA elimination occurs in unicellular ciliates and a variety of metazoans, including invertebrates and vertebrates. In metazoa, DNA elimination typically occurs in somatic cells during early development, leaving the germline genome intact. Reference genomes for metazoa that undergo DNA elimination are not available. Here, we generated germline and somatic reference genome sequences of the DNA eliminating pig parasitic nematode Ascaris suum and the horse parasite Parascaris univalens. In addition, we carried out in-depth analyses of DNA elimination in the parasitic nematode of humans, Ascaris lumbricoides, and the parasitic nematode of dogs, Toxocara canis. Our analysis of nematode DNA elimination reveals that in all species, repetitive sequences (that differ among the genera) and germline-expressed genes (approximately 1000-2000 or 5%-10% of the genes) are eliminated. Thirty-five percent of these eliminated genes are conserved among these nematodes, defining a core set of eliminated genes that are preferentially expressed during spermatogenesis. Our analysis supports the view that DNA elimination in nematodes silences germline-expressed genes. Over half of the chromosome break sites are conserved between Ascaris and Parascaris, whereas only 10% are conserved in the more divergent T. canis. Analysis of the chromosomal breakage regions suggests a sequence-independent mechanism for DNA breakage followed by telomere healing, with the formation of more accessible chromatin in the break regions prior to DNA elimination. Our genome assemblies and annotations also provide comprehensive resources for analysis of DNA elimination, parasitology research, and comparative nematode genome and epigenome studies.
Год издания: 2017
Авторы: Jianbin Wang, Shenghan Gao, Yulia Mostovoy, Yuanyuan Kang, Maxim V. Zagoskin, Yongqiao Sun, Bing Zhang, Laura K. White, Alice V. Easton, Thomas B. Nutman, Pui‐Yan Kwok, Songnian Hu, Martin K. Nielsen, Richard E. Davis
Издательство: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Источник: Genome Research
Ключевые слова: Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics, Parasite Biology and Host Interactions, Parasitic infections in humans and animals
Другие ссылки: Genome Research (PDF)
Genome Research (HTML)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (PDF)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (HTML)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (PDF)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (HTML)
PubMed Central (HTML)
PubMed (HTML)