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The Essential Role ofTick Salivary Glandsand Saliva in TickFeeding and PathogenTransmission Ladislav ŠimoMária KazimírováJennifer Richardson2017 год

The Essential Role of Tick Salivary Glands and Saliva in Tick Feeding and Pathogen Transmission
review

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Аннотация: As long-term pool feeders, ticks have developed myriad strategies to remain discreetly but solidly attached to their hosts for the duration of their blood meal. The critical biological material that dampens host defences and facilitates the flow of blood—thus assuring adequate feeding—is tick saliva. Saliva exhibits cytolytic, vasodilator, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity. This essential fluid is secreted by the salivary glands, which also mediate several other biological functions, including secretion of cement and hygroscopic components, as well as the watery component of blood as regards hard ticks. When salivary glands are invaded by tick-borne pathogens, pathogens may be transmitted via saliva, which is injected alternately with blood uptake during the tick bite. Both salivary glands and saliva thus play a key role in transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to vertebrate hosts. During their long co-evolution with ticks and vertebrate hosts, microorganisms have indeed developed various strategies to exploit tick salivary molecules to ensure both acquisition by ticks and transmission, local infection and systemic dissemination within the vertebrate host.
Год издания: 2017
Авторы: Ladislav Šimo, Mária Kazimírová, Jennifer Richardson, Sarah Bonnet
Издательство: Frontiers Media
Источник: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Ключевые слова: Vector-borne infectious diseases, Viral Infections and Vectors, Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
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