Аннотация:Uniqueness and high commercial value of relic group of sturgeon fishes stimulated researches of their genetic polymorphism. In the review the basic molekular-genetic markers used for an estimation of genetic variability are considered; their merits and demerits are discussed, examples of their application, basically, on Acipenseriformes Eurasia are resulted. Problems of the genetic analysis polyploid kinds are is short covered.