Аннотация:The continuing existent challenges of conventional surgical approaches for musculoskeletal reconstruction have led to the favorite of stem cell-mediated treatments over the last decade [1]. However, the in-depth understanding of underlying therapeutic mechanisms, regulatory mechanisms of stem cell differentiation, interaction of stem cells and inductive factors/delivery vehicles, and evaluation criteria in vitro and in vivo are indispensable to the wide practice of stem cells-based therapeutics for functionally restoring the musculoskeletal tissues from bench to bedside [2]. We are pleased to present a special issue encompassing both basic and translational aspects of stem cells-related research and review work in musculoskeletal regeneration including cartilage, bone, ligament, spinal cord, and meniscus, aiming to blossom in the effective use of stem cells for clinical application.