Аннотация:Lactarius rupestris is proposed as a new species from the Brazilian semiarid region. It is characterized by the rather stout basidiome with a ochraceous salmon stipe that is up to 21 mm wide, a relatively smooth and viscid orange tinted pileus, close and frequently anastomosed lamellae, subglobose to ellipsoid basidiospores with distinct verrucae up to 0.7 μm high, a trichoderm pileipellis, and abundant sphaerocysts in the lamellar and pileus tramas.