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Human monocytes areseverely impaired inbase and DNAdouble-strand breakrepair that rendersthem vulnerable tooxidative stress Martina BauerMichael GoldsteinMarkus Christmann2011 год

Human monocytes are severely impaired in base and DNA double-strand break repair that renders them vulnerable to oxidative stress
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Аннотация: Monocytes are key players in the immune system. Crossing the blood barrier, they infiltrate tissues and differentiate into ( i ) macrophages that fight off pathogens and ( ii ) dendritic cells (DCs) that activate the immune response. A hallmark of monocyte/macrophage activation is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a defense against invading microorganisms. How monocytes, macrophages, and DCs in particular respond to ROS is largely unknown. Here we studied the sensitivity of primary human monocytes isolated from peripheral blood and compared them with macrophages and DCs derived from them by cytokine maturation following DNA damage induced by ROS. We show that monocytes are hypersensitive to ROS, undergoing excessive apoptosis. These cells exhibited a high yield of ROS-induced DNA single- and double-strand breaks and activation of the ATR-Chk1-ATM-Chk2-p53 pathway that led to Fas and caspase-8, -3, and -7 activation, whereas macrophages and DCs derived from them were protected. Monocytes are also hypersensitive to ionizing radiation and oxidized low-density lipoprotein. The remarkable sensitivity of monocytes to oxidative stress is caused by a lack of expression of the DNA repair proteins XRCC1, ligase IIIα, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1, and catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK cs ), causing a severe DNA repair defect that impacts base excision repair and double-strand break repair by nonhomologous end-joining. During maturation of monocytes into macrophages and DCs triggered by the cytokines GM-CSF and IL-4, these proteins become up-regulated, making macrophages and DCs repair-competent and ROS-resistant. We propose that impaired DNA repair in monocytes plays a role in the regulation of the monocyte/macrophage/DC system following ROS exposure.
Год издания: 2011
Авторы: Martina Bauer, Michael Goldstein, Markus Christmann, Huong Becker, Daniel Heylmann, Bernd Kaina
Издательство: National Academy of Sciences
Источник: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Ключевые слова: DNA Repair Mechanisms, Immunotherapy and Immune Responses, Cell death mechanisms and regulation
Другие ссылки: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (HTML)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (PDF)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (HTML)
PubMed Central (HTML)
PubMed (HTML)