Аннотация:Kinetic electron-emission yields \ensuremath{\gamma} from swift ion penetration of solids are proportional to the (electronic) stopping power \ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\sim}\ensuremath{\beta}${\mathit{S}}^{\mathrm{*}}$, if the preequilibrium evolution of the charge and excitation states of the positively charged ions is taken into account. We show that the concept of the preequilibrium near-surface stopping ${\mathit{S}}^{\mathrm{*}}$ can be applied successfully to describe the dependence of the ion-induced electron yields on the projectile atomic number ${\mathit{Z}}_{\mathit{P}}$ and on the charge states ${\mathit{q}}_{\mathit{i}}$ of the incoming ions. We discuss the implementation of this concept into Schou's transport theory after having presented a summary of recent results on the projectile- and charge-state dependence of forward and backward electron yields ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{F}}$ and ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{B}}$ and the Meckbach factor R=${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{F}}$/${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{B}}$. A simple extension of the yield equations is proposed and several assumptions are justified by investigating the ``transport factor'' \ensuremath{\beta}, the energy spectrum of directly ejected recoil electrons and the evolution of ionic charge state inside solids. Estimates of the energy-loss fraction leading to electron emission and the effective charges of the ions near the surface allow a quantitative description of the ${\mathit{Z}}_{\mathit{P}}$ dependence of the electron yields.
