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Pesticides in SurfaceWater, Sediment, andRainfall of theNortheastern PantanalBasin, Brazil Volker LaabsWulf AmelungAlício A. Pinto2002 год

Pesticides in Surface Water, Sediment, and Rainfall of the Northeastern Pantanal Basin, Brazil
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Аннотация: Within the last 25 years an intensive agriculture has developed in the highland regions of Mato Grosso state (Brazil), which involves frequent pesticide use in highly mechanized cash-crop cultures. To provide information on pesticide distribution and dynamics in the northeastern Pantanal basin (located in southern Mato Grosso), we monitored 29 pesticides and 3 metabolites in surface water, sediment, and rainwater of the study area during the main application season. In environmental samples, 19 pesticides and 3 metabolites were detected in measurable quantities, resulting in at least one pesticide detection in 68% of surface water samples (n = 139), 62% of sediment samples (n = 26), and 87% of rainwater samples (n = 91). Surface water samples were most frequently contaminated by endosulfan compounds (alpha-, beta-, -sulfate), ametryn, metolachlor, and metribuzin, although in low (< 0.1 microgram L-1) concentrations. Sediment samples exhibited concentrations up to 4.5 micrograms kg-1 of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, endosulfan-sulfate, beta-endosulfan, and ametryn. In contrast, rainwater was polluted with substantial amounts of endosulfan, alachlor, metolachlor, trifluralin, monocrotofos, and profenofos (maximum concentrations = 0.3 to 2.3 micrograms L-1) in the highlands. Lowland rainwater samples taken 75 km from the next application area contained 5- to 10-fold lower mean pesticide concentration than in the highlands. Cumulative deposition rates of the pesticide sum within the study period ranged from 423 micrograms m-2 in the highlands to 14 micrograms m-2 in the lowlands. The atmospheric input of pesticides to ecosystems seemed to be of higher relevance in the tropical study area than known from temperate regions.
Год издания: 2002
Авторы: Volker Laabs, Wulf Amelung, Alício A. Pinto, Karl M. Wantzen, Carolina Joana da Silva, Wolfgang Zech
Издательство: Wiley
Источник: Journal of Environmental Quality
Ключевые слова: Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies, Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts, Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
Другие ссылки: Journal of Environmental Quality (HTML)
PubMed (HTML)