Аннотация:The spectra of low-lying states of $^{235}\mathrm{U}$ have been studied using the reactions $^{233}\mathrm{U}(t,p)^{235}\mathrm{U}$, $^{235}\mathrm{U}(d,{d}^{\ensuremath{'}})^{235}\mathrm{U}$, $^{234}\mathrm{U}(d,p)^{235}\mathrm{U}$, $^{236}\mathrm{U}(d,t)^{235}\mathrm{U}$, and $^{234}\mathrm{U}(n,\ensuremath{\gamma})^{235}\mathrm{U}$. Using intensity ratios and angular distributions from the charged-particle reactions, primary $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray excitations, patterns of $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray deexcitations, and rotational-band systematics, 80% of the levels observed up to 1500 keV have been assigned to 23 individual rotational bands. Some of the rotational bands can be associated with expected single-particle excitations, but in many cases it is shown that the single-particle strength is fragmented, giving rise to several rotational bands with similar properties. Mechanisms for this fragmentation are discussed and the distribution of single-particle strength over the states observed is examined and compared with theoretical predictions. The neutron binding energy for $^{235}\mathrm{U}$ is determined to be 5297.6 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.5 keV.
