Аннотация:HUMPHREYS, ANNE P., and SMITH, PETER K. Rough and Tumble, Friendship, and Dominance in Schoolchildren: Evidence for Continuity and Change with Age. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1987, 58, 201-212. Rough and tumble-children's play-fighting and chasing-constitutes a significant proportion of friendly social interaction among preschool children. It has received little study at older ages but has been seen as merging with true aggression as children approach puberty. The present study examined this activity among 7-, 9-, and 11-year-olds in their school playground, where it took up some 10% of their time. Judging by characteristics of initiations and terminations, it tended to occur in a friendly, nonaggressive context. Sociometric information supported this interpretation. Observed rough-and-tumble partners liked each other better at all ages than chance predicted. With increasing age, the importance of strength relations in partner choice increased. Eleven-year-olds tended to choose partners who were similar in strenght to, but weaker than, themselves, while neither factor influenced 7and 9-year-olds' choices significantly. These findings suggest that rough and tumble performs an affiliative function in young children, becoming important for dominance and fighting-skill development in older children, although immediate motivation remains nonaggressive.
