Аннотация:For several years the University of Alaska and the Institute of Northern Forestry (USDA Forest Service) have conducted a multidisciplinary study of interior-Alaska forest ecosystems, especially the black spruce type. Black spruce forests are widespread in interior Alaska and are the most fire-prone forest type. They are also the most nutrient-limited and least productive forest type, especially in the late stages of succession. Ecosystem differences in productivity and degree of nutrient limitation are controlled mainly by soil and forest-floor temperatures.