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Congested trafficstates in empiricalobservations andmicroscopicsimulations Martin TreiberAnsgar HenneckeDirk Helbing2000 год

Congested traffic states in empirical observations and microscopic simulations
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Аннотация: We present data from several German freeways showing different kinds of congested traffic forming near road inhomogeneities, specifically lane closings, intersections, or uphill gradients. The states are localized or extended, homogeneous or oscillating. Combined states are observed as well, like the coexistence of moving localized clusters and clusters pinned at road inhomogeneities, or regions of oscillating congested traffic upstream of nearly homogeneous congested traffic. The experimental findings are consistent with a recently proposed theoretical phase diagram for traffic near on-ramps [D. Helbing, A. Hennecke, and M. Treiber, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 4360 (1999)]. We simulate these situations with a continuous microscopic single-lane model, the "intelligent driver model," using empirical boundary conditions. All observations, including the coexistence of states, are qualitatively reproduced by describing inhomogeneities with local variations of one model parameter. We show that the results of the microscopic model can be understood by formulating the theoretical phase diagram for bottlenecks in a more general way. In particular, a local drop of the road capacity induced by parameter variations has essentially the same effect as an on-ramp.
Год издания: 2000
Авторы: Martin Treiber, Ansgar Hennecke, Dirk Helbing
Издательство: American Physical Society
Источник: Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics
Ключевые слова: Traffic control and management, Transportation Planning and Optimization, Traffic and Road Safety
Другие ссылки: Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics (HTML)
arXiv (Cornell University) (PDF)
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Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (PDF)
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arXiv (Cornell University) (PDF)
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