Climate change over the past ∼30 years has produced numerous shifts in the distributions
and abundances of species 1 , 2 and has been implicated in one species-level extinction 3 . …

BACKGROUND The success of human societies depends intimately on the living components
of natural and managed systems. Although the geographical range limits of species are …

We present the results of two exploratory parsimony analyses of DNA sequences from 475
and 499 species of seed plants, respectively, representing all major taxonomic groups. The …

… Contributed equally to this work with: Stephen E Williams, Luke P Shoo … Contributed
equally to this work with: Stephen E Williams, Luke P Shoo … We would like to thank Yvette …

A recently developed integrative framework proposes that the vulnerability of a species to
environmental change depends on the species' exposure and sensitivity to environmental …

The effects of climate change on biodiversity are increasingly well documented, and many
methods have been developed to assess species' vulnerability to climatic changes, both …

… This threshold was selected as it was consistently ranked the best for these species using
the expert opinion of Stephen E. Williams (James Cook University, Townsville, Australia) and …

It is now widely accepted that global climate change is affecting many ecosystems around
the globe and that its impact is increasing rapidly. Many studies predict that impacts will …

Extreme weather events, such as unusually hot or dry conditions, can cause death by exceeding
physiological limits, and so cause loss of population. Survival will depend on whether …

Patterns of biological diversity should be interpreted in light of both contemporary and
historical influences; however, to date, most attempts to explain diversity patterns have largely …