We used mark–recapture methods to estimate the number of Parnassius smintheus (Papilionidae)
butterflies moving among 20 alpine meadows separated by varying amounts of forest …

Herbivores usually consume a mere fraction of available plant biomass. Spatial patterns in
feeding damage may be attributable to induced defences by the host plant; a damaged plant …

In 1999, the leaf roller Caloptilia fraxinella (Ely) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) was noticed for
the first time in the city of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, on ornamental green ash (Fraxinus …

Behaviour of the alpine butterfly'Parnassius smintheus' and characteristics of its meadow
habitat were studied. Female'P. smintheus', despite frequent ovipositions off of the host plant ('…

In Butterflies: Ecology and Evolution Taking Flight, the world's leading experts synthesize
current knowledge of butterflies to show how the study of these fascinating creatures as model …

… ovipositions (FOWNES 1999), and overwintering, which occurs in the egg stage, must be
associated with high mortality given that a female can lay hundreds of eggs (FOWNES 1999). …

The overall objective of this study was to examine patterns of distribution of rare vascular
plant species of the northern Rocky Mountains of Alberta in relation to vegetation type and …

… ovipositions (FOWNES 1999), and overwintering, which occurs in the egg stage, must be
associated with high mortality given that a female can lay hundreds of eggs (FOWNES 1999). …

We studied the population dynamics of the principal defoliator of aspen forests as it relates
to spatial structure of forests. Life-table and experimental studies were used to identify the …

… (Fownes 1999); overwintering occurs in the egg stage and must be associated with a high
mortality rate, given that a single female is capable of laying hundreds of eggs (Fownes 1999); …