The long neck of the giraffe has been held as a classic example of adaptive evolution since
Darwin’s time. Here we report on an unusual fossil giraffoid, Discokeryx xiezhi, from the early …

Today, the continental ecosystems of Southeast Asia represent a global biodiversity hotspot.
From a deep-time perspective, however, very little is known about the formation of this …

Background Mammalian fossils from the Eppelsheim Formation (Dinotheriensande) have
been a benchmark for Neogene vertebrate palaeontology since 200 years. Worldwide famous …

Extrinsic and intrinsic factors impact diversity. On deep-time scales, the extrinsic impact of
climate and geology are crucial, but poorly understood. Here, we use the inner ear …

NOW (New and Old Worlds) is a global database of fossil mammal occurrences, currently
containing around 68,000 locality-species entries. The database spans the last 66 million years…

One of the rare records of a rich ruminant fauna of late Middle Miocene age (Sarmatian sensu
stricto; 12.2–12.0 Ma) was discovered at the Gratkorn locality (Styria, Austria). It comprises, …

Thalattosuchia, a clade of Mesozoic aquatic crocodyliforms, were the only archosaurs that
ever became fully adapted to marine ecosystems. They are represented by two clades, the …

The aim of this review is, first of all, to summarize our knowledge on Miocene Moschidae [aut]Moschidae
(moschids, musk deer) and provide a helpful tool for the determination of …

δ 18 O CO3 , δ 13 C and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr measurements were performed on tooth enamel of
several species to gain information on the diet and mobility of herbivorous large mammals from …

A disarticulated, though still roughly associated partial Deinotherium skeleton from the late
Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian sensu stricto; 12.2–12.0 Ma) Gratkorn locality (Austria) is …